Several points are worth stressing with regard to the definition of mediator. First, this definition should be read in conjunction with Section 9(c), which makes clear that the Act does not require that a mediator have a special qualification by background or profession. Second, this definition should be read in conjunction with the model language in Section 9(a) through (e) on disclosures of conflicts of interest. Finally, the use of the word "conducts" is intended to be value neutral, and should not be read to express a preference for the manner by which mediations are conducted. Compare Leonard L. Riskin, Understanding Mediators' Orientations, Strategies, and Tactics: A Grid for the Perplexed, 1 Harv. Neg. L. Rev. 7 (1996) with Joseph B. Stulberg, Facilitative vs. Evaluative Mediator Orientations: Piercing the "Grid" Lock, 24 Fla. St. U. L. Rev. 985 (1997)

4. Section 2(4). "Nonparty Participant."

This definition would cover experts, friends, support persons, potential parties, and others who participate in the mediation. The definition is pertinent to the privilege accorded nonparty participants in Section 4(b)(3), and to the ability of parties to bring attorneys or support persons in Section 10. In the event that an attorney is deemed to be a nonparty participant, that attorney would be constricted in exercising that right by ethical provisions requiring the attorney to act in ways that are consistent with the interests of the client. See Model Rule of Professional Conduct 1.3 (Diligence. A lawyer shall act with reasonable diligence and promptness in representing a client.); and Rule 1.6(a) (Confidentiality of Information. A lawyer shall not reveal information relating to representation of a client unless the client consents after consultation, except for disclosures that are impliedly authorized in order to carry out the representation, and except as stated in paragraph (b).).

5. Section 2(5). "Mediation Party."

The Act defines "mediation party" to be a person who participates in a mediation and whose agreement is necessary to resolve the dispute. These limitations are designed to prevent someone with only a passing interest in the mediation, such as a neighbor of a person embroiled in a dispute, from attending the mediation and then blocking the use of information or taking advantage of rights meant to be accorded to parties. Such a person would be a non-party participant and would have only a limited privilege. See Section 4(b)(3). Similarly, counsel for a mediation party would not be a mediation party, because their agreement is not necessary to the resolution of the dispute.

Because of these structural limitations on the definition of parties, participants who do not meet the definition of "mediation party," such as a witness or expert on a given issue,